- F. Shahnooshi Javad
- Shenoy Ujjwala
- Joice Samuel
- Merlin Thaipparambil Silvan
- Sachin Mathew Mathews
- Rajeswari Ramasamy
- Teena Nazeem
- M. Madhusudhan
- Tintu Babu
- A. M. Nancy
- M. Ashwin Krishna
- Chinchumol Baby
- Deborose Soans
- A. N. Kavitha
- S. K. Roopesh
- Sangam Shrestha
- Kavitha Reddy
- M. Anirudh
- B. Patel Trushitkumar
- Riju Pathak
- Rajindar Singh
- Varun Alves
- N. M. Mahesh
- T. S. Chaluvaraj
- Bincy Varghese
- Manasa S. Reddy
- N. Abilash
- D. Shanmugasundaram
- T. K. Kandavel
- T. Ashok Kumar
- N. R. Gayathri Devi
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Chandramouli, R.
- Planning and Execution of Diabetes Awareness and Screening Camp in an Educational Institution
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupandhi College of Pharmacy, #12/1, Chikkabellandur, Carmelram Post, Bangalore - 560 035, IN
2 Department of Quality Assurance, Krupandhi College of Pharmacy, #12/1, Chikkabellandur, Carmelram Post, Bangalore - 560 035, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 12, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 66-71Abstract
Diabetes has emerged as a major healthcare issue in India and is projected that every fifth diabetic person will be an Indian by 2030. In developing countries like India this problem is further compounded by rapid urbanization and associated increase in stress and diabetes. A one day diabetes awareness screening camp was conducted in an educational institute situated in a rural area. A complete participant history was obtained and parameters like blood pressure, random blood sugar (RBS), and body mass index were evaluated Each participant was individually counselled on signs, symptoms, prevention and management of diabetes with appropriate educational material. A higher mean RBS level was noted in smokers, older participants, in known diabetics and in participants with a family history of diabetes. Additionally, a higher average RBS was noted in low family income group and in participants with low educational background. Awareness of symptoms, knowledge of prevention and management of diabetes are important for dealing with this worldwide burden of diabetes. This study was small but successful attempt to spread the awareness and education on diabetes.Keywords
Diabetes, Random Blood Sugar, Screening, Socioeconomic Status.Full Text
- Pharmaceutical Pricing in India: A Pharmacoeconomic Perspective
Authors
1 Quality Assurance Department, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, 560035, KA, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 14, No Special Ed (2015), Pagination: 35-35Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
- Study on Determinants of Self Medication Practice amongst Consumers in Parts of East Bengaluru
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
2 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
3 Department of Community Medicine, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bengaluru, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 14, No Special Ed (2015), Pagination: 56-56Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Self medication is the problem that has the potential to harm society due to irrational use of drugs. The nature and extend of practice of self medication depends upon many factors like nature of the disease, educational qualification of the person, non availability of the specialized person, cultural and social influences.AIM: To identify the socio demographic determinants associated with selfmedication practice in the population of selected area.
METHODOLOGY: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in East Bengaluru area over the period of 6 months using pre tested semi structured questionnaire.The subjects were asked to recollect self medication practice for one year recall period.
RESULTS& DISCUSSION: The data on socio demographic characteristics and practice of self medication were collected from 427 study participants. A significant correlation was observed particular age group ( 24 - 30 years)[Prob>F = 0.0056, Prob>|t| = <0.0001]; while a moderate correlation for education[Prob>|t| = <0.0001], occupation [Prob>|t| = <0.0001] and economic status[Prob>|t| = <0.0001] of the survey respondents. And no particular correlation was observed for gender, familial types and the area of domicile of the participants.
The frequency of self medication use ranged from minimum of one time to all the time.Fever (68.67%), pain (54.56%), and cough (42.15%) were the most common illnesses where self-medication is common. Pain killers (68.85%) and antipyretics (50.58%) were the most commonly used self medicating drugs. Telling the symptoms to pharmacist (89.69%) was the commonest method adopted to procure drugs by the users. The major reason for self medication was lack of time to visit doctor (32.31). Only 33.34% of the subjects agree self medication is harmful; but most of them (66.97%) did not advise others to use self-medication drugs.
CONCLUSION: Self medication is more prevalent among the younger population of the respondents, irrespective of their educational backgrounds andeconomic status. A newer approach to connect with andeducating these consumers is essential.
Keywords
Self Medication, Community Pharmacist, OTC Medications.Full Text
- Assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practice on Tuberculosis Patients on Dots Therapy
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
2 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 14, No Special Ed (2015), Pagination: 64-64Abstract
Introduction: An estimated incidence figure of 2.2 million cases of Tuberculosis (TB) out of a global incidence of 8.6 million cases was found, making India the world's highest Tuberculosis burden country in 2014. Effective treatment of TB requires compliance to a minimum of 6 months treatment with multiple drugs.Patient adherence to the standard anti-TB therapy in developing countries has been estimated to be as low as 40%. Hence, this study assessed the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) among patients on DOTs (Direct Observed Treatment,Short-course) therapy across various DOTS centres in Bengaluru, South India.Aim: The aim of this study is to assess KAP of TB patients in DOTs centers
Methodology: A Prospective-Educational Interventional study on 113 patients, receiving DOTS therapy was conducted on DOT's centres in Hoskote region for a period of six months.Patient's level of knowledge attitude and practice were assessed using suitable KAP questionnaire.
Result & Discussion: Out of 113 patients studied, 46.9 % (N=53) were found to have poor KAP, 52.2 %( N=59) were found to have medium KAP and 0.88% (N=1) were found to have high KAP during the baseline interview. Only sixteen percent of the respondent's family had acceptable attitude whereas eighty two percent of the respondents had non-acceptable attitude. From the study it was clear that there is still a need to strengthen the educational activities on TB through mass media; they are excellent venues for information-dissemination and pharmacist assisted care/counseling.
Conclusion: The prospective-educational study revealed that although knowledge regarding curability and duration of treatment were satisfactory, but knowledge about symptoms, mode of transmission, preventive measures, life style modifications were not up to the mark. There is still a great need to educate individuals on priority basis.
Keywords
Tuberculosis, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice.Full Text
- Assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practice on DOTs Therapy by Tubercular Patients
Authors
1 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore-560 035, IN
2 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikka Bellandur, Carmelaram post, Varthurhobli, Bangalore-560 035, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 15, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 51-55Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: India is marked as world's highest Tuberculosis (TB) burden country in the year 2014 with an estimated incidence of 2.2 million cases.Patient adherence to the standard anti-TB therapy in developing countries has been estimated to be as low as 40%. Therefore we found our study is relevant to the situation.
DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY: A prospective- Educational Interventional study was conducted among 113 patients across DOTs centers in and around Bengaluru. Patient's level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards TB were assessed by conducting structured interviews using suitable validated KAP (Knowledge Attitude and Practice) questionnaire.
RESULT:Of the 113 patients, 46.9 % were found to have poor KAP, 52.2 % were found to have medium KAP and 0.88% of patients were found to have high KAP during the baseline interview.
IMPLICATION AND VALUE OF THE STUDY: A more comprehensive approach for patient education, incorporating easier access to drugs and emphasizing on motivating patients to come to the clinic to receive therapy are essential for completion of treatment course among TB patients.
CONCLUSION: Hence this study assessed level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) among patients with tuberculosis and revealed the need for providing more knowledge about tuberculosis and medications among patients.
Keywords
Knowledge Attitude Practice, KAP, Tuberculosis, DOTs.Full Text
References
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- Application of Design of Experiments for Optimizing Critical Quality Attributes (CQA) in Routine Pharmaceutical Product Development
Authors
1 Department of Quality Assurance, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikkabellandur Village, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore - 560035, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikkabellandur Village, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore - 560035, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 15, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 96-100Abstract
Purpose: QbD is a helpful tool in building quality products and to understand critical process parameters which affects the manufacturing of drug products. It helps to build control strategy which helps to maintain quality throughout its life cycle.
Approaches: The major approach in QbD is through DOE which includes either screening or optimization done by various designs like plackett-Burmann, Box-Behnken design, Fractional Factorial design, Central Composite design, Mixture design etc.
Findings: QbD approach helps in formulating and maintaining quality in the drug product. It helps to identify the critical quality attributes and process parameters which are likely to affect the quality of the drug product through screening design.
Conclusions: Adopting QbD concepts into manufacturing of the drug product has its advantage of reducing development and marketing costs. It also helps in meeting regulatory requirements.
Keywords
QbD, DOE, Process Optimization, QTPP, CQA.Full Text
References
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- Enhancing the Solubility of BCS Class II and IV Drugs by Sedds Approach-A Structured Review
Authors
1 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikka Bellandur, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore-560035, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 15, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 174-180Abstract
Purpose: The solubility of orally administered hydrophobic drugs ismajor challenge for pharmaceutical formulators as nearly 35-40% of newly launched drugs possess low aqueous solubility which leads to poor dissolution and low bioavailability, resulting in high intra&inter subject variability&lack of dose proportionality.
Approach: Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System, (SEDDS) is gaining popularity for improving the solubility of lipophilic drugs. Therefore, various formulation strategies have been investigated to improve the solubility and the rate of dissolution to enhance the oral bioavailability of lipophilic drugs.
Finding: This review mainly discusses about the mechanism of SEDDS, excipient used in SEEDS, dosage forms, evaluation, applications, advantages and drawbacks.
Conclusion: SEDDS form fine emulsions (or micro-emulsions) in gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) with mild agitation provided by gastric mobility. Many parameters like surfactant concentration, oil/surfactant ratio, polarity of the emulsion, droplet size and charge plays a critical role in oral absorption of drug from SEEDS.
Keywords
SEDDS, Hydrophobic Drugs, Micro Emulsion, Lipid Based System.Full Text
References
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- Finite Element Analysis of Equal Channel Angular Pressing on Densification and Deformation Behaviour of Al-1100 Processed by Powder Metallurgy Route
Authors
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur – 613401, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 8, No 22 (2015), Pagination:Abstract
Background/Objectives: Pressed and sintered Al-1100 powder is subjected to Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) process to study densification and deformation behaviour under different initial relative density and shear friction conditions. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Commercially pure Aluminium (Al 1100) powder containing 99% Al, 0.05-0.2% Cu, 0.05% Mn, remainder of Si, Fe and Zn is processed through normal powder metallurgy route followed by ECAP process. Finite Element Analysis through simulations are carried out using DEFORM 2D software for different initial relative densities of 0.700, 0.750 and 0.800 under three friction coefficients of 0.05, 0.075 and 0.15. Effective stresses, strains and loads are plotted. Findings: Full densification is achieved near the inner corner of the die channel compared to the outer corner at the end of the process. Uniform densification (relative almost greater than 0.980) is achieved in the middle portion of the specimen. As the friction is increased load required also increases. Formation of dead zone near the inner corner of the die channel reduces as the initial relative density is increased from 0.700 to 0.800. With higher initial relative density, complete densification occurs in the lower friction conditions like close to 0.05 shear friction coefficient. Effective stress is higher in the plane of intersection of the die channels where the actual deformation occurs. With the increase in initial relative density, effective strain also increases along the length of the specimen whose value is higher near the top portion of the die channel as compared to the bottom portion. Application/Improvements: ECAP eliminates residual porosity. Ultra fine grained structures are produced, even finer (better mechanical properties) than that by ECAP of cast products. Best suited for aerospace, defence and biomedical applications.Keywords
Aluminium, Densification, ECAP, Powder Metallurgy, Simulation.Full Text
- Assessment of Parents’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Child Vaccination in Rural Areas
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, #12/1, Chikkabellandur, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore - 560035, KA, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 16, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 229-236Abstract
Background: Vaccines have thrived as one of the most successful health interventions that have diminished occurrence of infectious diseases and improved quality of life in the population. Although the vaccination coverage has been gradually increasing, the average total immunization coverage is far less than the desired outcome. Parental decisions regarding vaccination are very vital for increasing the vaccination rate and parent compliance to the immunization schedule.
Objective: To analyze the extent of parents' Knowledge, Attitude and Practice(KAP) about child vaccination in rural areas such that it can be correlated with the immunization status of their child amongst native participants of Bangalore.
Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out on 110 Parents residing in rural areas of Bangalore who had children below 5 years of age. The sociodemographic details of the parents were collected and they were made to fill a KAP Questionnaire. Each question under Knowledge and Attitude was scored to assess their KAP level regarding child vaccination. The immunization status of the child was assessed by counting on the parents' word for it.
Results: A total of 110 parents participated in the study from different rural clusters of Bangalore. Assessment of the extent of Knowledge, attitude and practice about child vaccination showed that a majority of them (72.7 %,) had good knowledge score followed by average (21.8%) and poor (5.4%) whereas 85.4% of the respondents were found to have good attitude towards child vaccination. The immunization status of the child was assessed by counting on the parents' word for it and.68.1% children were completely immunized whereas 7.2 % received incomplete immunization. The immunization status of the remaining 24.5% of the children was uncertain as assessment was not possible due to lack of surety in the parents part regarding the immunization status of their child. Although parental knowledge was not found to be significantly associated with the immunization status of their child, there was a significant association between the attitude of parents towards child vaccination and the immunization status of their child. A very significant correlation was also seen between the parental knowledge and attitude score with p≤0.0001.
Conclusion: The parental Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about child vaccination are important determinants of the immunization status of their child. A combined effort from the members of the healthcare team and social health workers can definitely make the attainment of the targeted immunization coverage rate in the country possible.
Keywords
Immunization, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Vaccines.Full Text
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- Functional Overview of Process Validation of Tablets - A Critical Review
Authors
1 Department of Quality Assurance, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, #12/1, Chikkabellandur, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore - 560035, KA, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 16, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 268-277Abstract
Purpose: Validation is a main tool in achieving and maintaining the quality and safety of the final product as per cGMP(current Good Manufacturing Practice). The purpose of this present work is to give introduction, general overview and how to plan, develop, execute process validation of pharmaceutical manufacturing process especially tablet manufacturing process.
Approach: When we consider any product, quality is always an imperative pre requisite hence a highest quality levels must be included in the manufacturing of the drug.
Findings: To assure the identity, purity, safety, efficacy and also maintaining the quality of final product process validation is the key element. Three consecutive batches were considered to execute the process validation activity.
Conclusion: Process validation is a major requirement of cGMP's regulation. Process validation is a key element to maintain product quality, safety, identity and efficacy.
Full Text
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- Biowaivers-An Updated Review
Authors
1 Department of Quality Assurance, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, #12/1, Chikkabellandur, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore - 560035, KA, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 16, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 278-281Abstract
PURPOSE: A Biowaiver has been regarded as an official approval of the waiver for conducting a bioequivalence study in the context of an application for drug approval process. Bioequivalence is an important parameter in the process of drug development that is needed to be performed when there is a change in the formulation of dosage form.
Approach: The approach of biowaivers is necessary to waive a complete and systemic Bioequalence study, which as a fast track approach to boost the drug development process.
Findings: This review mainly discusses about the criteria for Biowaivers, requirements for a BCS based biowaiver study, conditions to grant the BCS based biowaiver, Applications, limitations, supporting data for Biowaivers.
Conclusion: BCS biowaiver studies in preparing a submission for worldwide filing to satisfy US, European, and emerging market regulators. It is hoped that the availability of BCS Class I and Class III biowaivers in multiple jurisdictions will encourage more sponsors to request waivers of in vivo bioavailability/bioequivalence testing using the BCS approach.
Keywords
Biowaivers, BCS Class, BABE Studies, Drug Development.Full Text
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- Densification and Deformation Behaviour of Sintered P/M AL-C-CU-MG Alloys During Cold Upsetting
Authors
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA), Deemed University, Thanjavur-613402, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Manufacturing Technology Today, Vol 5, No 7 (2006), Pagination: 5-8Abstract
The present investigation is focused on the densification behaviour of sintered aluminium alloys of AI-Cu-C with additions of magnesium powder in varying quantities. The influence of normalizing heat treatment on deformation behaviour has also been investigated. Magnesium powder (-150 μ) has been added in varying percentage to Al-Cu-C alloy phase in order to study the influence of Mg on the deformation, densification and metallurgical structure of the P/M Al alloys mentioned above. Elemental powders of Al, Mg, C &Cu were mixed thoroughly in a pot mill for 8 hrs and the powder blends were compacted In to cylindrical shaped preforms of aspect ratio 0.6, applying a pressure of 125 MPa. in hydraulic press. After sintering at 550 °C for 90 minutes cold upsetting tests were carried out on the preforms. Another set of cold upsetting tests were undertaken after subjecting the sintered preforms to normalizing heat treatment at 500 °C. Density and dimensional measurements were carried out after each step of deformations. Axial upsetting was continued upto the point of appearance of fine surface cracks on the bulged surfaces. The results of the investigations revealed that the normalizing heat treatment notably Influenced the flow stress of the alloys. However It has marginal effects on densifications. Addition of higher percentage of Mg to Al-1% C-1% Cu alloy has also affected the deformation as well as densification behavior. Increasing the Mg content has lead to reduced levels of plastic deformation as well as densification. The combination o f addition of Mg and heat treatment has Influenced the flow stress because adding higher Mg demands higher flow stresses during axial upsetting. Normalizing of the alloys with Mg content enhances the resistance to deformation and densification. Addition of Mg to the alloy AI-C-Cu has reversed the response of the material during cold upsetting. The microstructure of the alloys reveals the presence of numerous rounded and small pores with in the grains and along the grain boundary. It also reveals subtle differences due to normalizing heat treatment.
- Cold Deformation Studies on P/M AL-C-CU-FE Alloys
Authors
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA), Deemed University, Thanjavur-613402, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Manufacturing Technology Today, Vol 5, No 5 (2006), Pagination: 11-15Abstract
Aluminium based MMC's with SiC reinforcement are known to find numerous applications in the aerospace and automotive industry In view of high strength to weight ratio and stiffness. Alloys with Cu, Zn, Mg added to Al are also high strength light weight materials widely used in aerospace industry for application such as landing gears, fasteners etc,. In the present investigation atomized iron powder has been added In varying percentages to Al-Cu-C alloy phase in order to study the influence of Fe on deformation, densification and metallurgical structure of sintered Al alloys. Elemental powders of Al, Fe, C & C u were mixed thoroughly In a pot mill for 8 hrs and the powder blends were compacted in to cylindrical shaped performs of aspect ratio 0.6. After sintering at 550°C for 90 minutes cold upsetting test were carried out in the performs. Another set of cold upsetting test were undertaken after subjecting the sintered preforms to normalizing heat treatment at 500°C. Density and dimensional measurements were carried out after each step of deformation level. The results of the investigations revealed that the normalizing heat treatment notably influenced the flow stress of the alloys. However it has only marginal effects on densification. Addition of Fe to AI-1% C-1%Cu alloys in the proportion of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 has also affected the deformation as well as densification behavior. Increasing the Fe content has lead to reduced levels of plastic deformation as well as densification. The combined effects of addition of Fe and heat treatment have affected the flow stress. Adding higher Fe contents demands higher flow stress. Normalizing of the alloys with Fe contents enhances the resistance to deformation and densification. The stress-strain behavior in all the cases of the alloys is characterized by linearity. The peak density levels achieved after the forging not exceed 96% of theoretical density. The microstructure of the alloys reveals the presence of numerous rounded and small pores within the grains and along the grain boundary.- Real Time Release Testing-A Review
Authors
1 Department of Quaity Assurance, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy Bangalore, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 16, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 314-318Abstract
QbD is a systemic approach to attain a intended product quality, the tools which assist the QbD principle are design space and Process Analytical Technology(PAT).Now Modern application called Real Time Release Testing has came in to existence which can be accompanied with or without design space and PAT tools. Real time release testing is set of In-process controls that provide greater assurance of product quality than end - product testing under specific conditions. RTRT involves at-line and on-line measurements of critical quality attributes for eg., (tablet weight after compression, moisture measurement during drying, blend uniformity)where they are generated to ensure the product quality in real time. This real time release testing challenge is to perform the right measurement at right time and at the right location. RTRT improves and enhances analytical testing without affecting either product quality or manufacturing cycle.Keywords
Real Time Release Testing, PAT, End-Product Testing.Full Text
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